The Important Role of Fitness and Physical Activity for Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
The Importance of Physical Activity
Physical activity is crucial for maintaining health, overall well-being, and quality of life. It helps control weight, reduce depression and anxiety, and lower the risk of early death, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and some cancers.
For individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), physical activity supports daily living activities and enhances independence. With access to education through IDEA, many children can now engage in fitness activities at school and through organizations like Special Olympics.
It's important to note that IDD doesn't necessarily prevent participation in general school or community sports and activities. Many parents find that barriers for their children stem from misinformation and fear.
Activities That Promote Movement
Finding the right fit based on interests and abilities is essential. Numerous adaptive sports, dances, and activities are available for both children and adults. Activities such as yoga, martial arts, bowling, and swimming can be accessible to individuals with IDD. It doesn't always need to be an adaptive or specialized program. Research all physical activities in your community and expose your child to various activities to help them identify their passions.
When we think of physical activity, we typically envision fitness and exercise. Cardio and strength training are excellent options for everyone, including those with IDD. Parents may encounter challenges in locating and accessing these opportunities. Therefore, it's important to research any program or sport before enrolling your child.
Consider your loved one's interests and preferred activities. If they have been sedentary and are just starting a fitness routine, begin gradually. Supporting their fitness journey by engaging in activities together, such as family walks, exercise videos, or playing catch, can be effective starting points.
Barriers to Fitness for Individuals with IDD
Despite the numerous benefits associated with exercise, individuals with IDD often face barriers to accessing sufficient physical activity. One reason they may not get the exercise they need is a lack of community support. Facility administrators and community center directors must provide opportunities for individuals with IDD to engage in regular physical activity.
The key is to include people with IDD in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of these spaces and programs. Giving them a voice in this process fosters greater understanding, compassion, and accessibility for everyone.
Lack of knowledge is another barrier faced by individuals with IDD. They may not be aware of accessible exercise facilities, such as gyms, community centers, and walking paths. Social anxiety can make individuals with disabilities feel uncomfortable exercising in public spaces due to societal stigmas. They may fear being perceived as different or being stared at. Educating the public and sharing facts can help facilitate a more comfortable process for individuals, allowing them to reduce stress and boost self-esteem and confidence.
Some individuals with physical disabilities may fear falling or how to use fitness centers safely. Personal trainers who specialize in working with individuals with IDD can provide the necessary instruction and training to ensure they feel safe and confident.
Fitness and Activities Resources
· Special Olympics (www.specialolympics.org): Offering a variety of activities for both children and adults. Check your area for a local Special Olympics delegation or search Special Olympics [STATE].
· Special Strong: An adaptive fitness company (https://www.specialstrong.com/locations/).
· Kenzie's Kids: Providing virtual fitness training, making it accessible for everyone (https://www.kenzieskids.com/).
· Adaptive Sports Foundation (https://www.adaptivesportsfoundation.org/virtualfitness/).
· Move United: Offering virtual adaptive sports and fitness (https://moveunitedsport.org/).
· DPI Adaptive Fitness: Providing virtual fitness programs (https://www.dpiadaptivefitness.co/).
· Local Parks and Recreation Centers: Many centers provide programs, including sports, dances, creative activities, educational classes, and more. Check their guides or calendars for adaptive programs.
· Centers for Disease Control (CDC) (https://www.cdc.gov/disability-and-health/articles-documents/physical-activity-for-people-with-disability.html).
As a community, we must ensure accessible and inclusive fitness programs for everyone, including our neighbors and friends with IDD. This collaboration begins with developers, community leaders, business owners, and individuals with IDD working together to design spaces, centers, and opportunities.
